Historical Events
- Dec 1 Portugal regains independence after 60 years of Spanish rule following a revolution by Portuguese nobility; the Portuguese Restoration War begins and lasts until 1668 with recognition by Spain of the country's independence
- Dec 9 Settler Hugh Bewitt banished from Mass colony when he declares himself to be free of original sin
- Dec 15 Duke of Braganca crowned King Johan IV of Portugal
- Dec 25 Pierre de Fermat writes to Marin Mersenne about Fermat's church thesis