Historical Events
Venezuela Declares Independence
Jul 5 Venezuelan Declaration of Independence: 7 provinces declare themselves independent of Spain
Avogadro’s Law
Jul 11 Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro publishes his memoir on the molecular content of gases
- Jul 27 Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, Spanish Catholic priest, and leader Mexican independence, defrocked and excommunicated by the church
- Jul 30 Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, leader of the Mexican insurgency, is executed after being found guilty of treason by the Spanish military in Chihuahua, Mexico
Famous Birthdays
- Jul 11 Joseph Lanman, American naval officer (Union Navy), born in Norwich, Connecticut (d. 1874)
- Jul 11 William Robert Grove, Welsh physicist and inventor of the first fuel cell, born in Swansea, Wales (d. 1896)
- Jul 18 William Makepeace Thackeray, British novelist (Vanity Fair), born in Kolkata, India (d. 1863)
- Jul 19 Vincenz Lachner, German composer, born in Rain am Lech, Bavaria, Germany (d. 1893)
- Jul 20 James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin & Kincardine and Governor (Jamaica), born in London (d. 1863)
