Historical Events
Roosevelt's Rough Riders
Jul 1 Theodore Roosevelt and his Rough Riders charge up San Juan Hill during US's successful assault on the city of Santiago [1]
- Jul 3 American troops, en route to the Philippines on the SS China, raise the American flag on Wake Island
- Jul 3 Dutch Automobile Club forms (KNAC)
- Jul 3 US Navy defeats Spanish fleet in Santiago harbor, Cuba
- Jul 4 French liner "La Bourgogne" collides with bark Cromartyshire, 560 die
- Jul 4 US flag hoisted over Wake Island (Spanish–American War)
- Jul 5 Lizzie Arlington becomes first woman to play professional men's baseball when she pitches 9th inning for the Reading Coal Heavers against the Allentown Peanuts; allows 2 hits and walks a batter but preserves 5-0 win
- Jul 6 US Senate agrees to annex Hawaii
- Jul 7 US President McKinley signs the Organic Act to annex Hawaii
- Jul 8 Philadelphia Phillies pitcher Red Donahue no-hits Boston Beaneaters, 5-0 at the Baker Bowl
- Jul 8 The shooting death of crime boss Soapy Smith releases Skagway, Alaska from his iron grip
Battle of Interest
Jul 8 US battle fleet under Admiral George Dewey occupies Isla Grande at Manila
Scientific Discovery
Jul 15 Camillo Golgi discovers the Golgi Apparatus (a delicate network inside cells essential for the transmission and reception of information between cells)
Spain Declares War Against the United States
Jul 17 Spanish–American War: Spaniards surrender to US forces at Santiago de Cuba
Famous Birthdays
- Jul 2 Anthony McAuliffe, American general and commander of the 101st Airborne Division celebrated for his reply of "Nuts!" to a German surrender ultimatum, born in Washington, D.C. (d. 1975)
Gertrude Lawrence (1898-1952)
Jul 4 English actress (Mimi, Rembrandt) and musical performer, born in London
- Jul 4 Gulzarilal Nanda, Indian politician and economist, temporary Prime Minister of India (1964, 1966), born in Sialkot, British India (d. 1998)
- Jul 4 Johnny Lee, American actor (Song of the South, The Amos 'n' Andy Show), born in Los Angeles, California (d. 1965)
- Jul 4 Pilar Barbosa, Puerto Rican historian and political activist, born in Bayamon, Puerto Rico (d. 1997)
- Jul 6 Hanns Eisler, Austrian composer (East German National Anthem), born in Leipzig, German Empire (d. 1962)
- Jul 8 Alec Waugh, English novelist (Island in the Sun); brother of Evelyn, born in London, England (d. 1981)
- Jul 8 Melville Ruick, American actor (Sun Valley Serenade, City Hospital), born in Boise, Idaho (d. 1972)
- Jul 9 Gerard Walschap, Flemish writer (Mary, Revolt in Congo), born in Londerzeel, Belgium (d. 1989)
- Jul 9 Marcel Delannoy, French composer, born in La Ferté-Alais, Essonne, France (d. 1962)
- Jul 11 Hendrik J. Pos, Dutch philosopher and linguist (Committee of Watchfulness), born in Amsterdam, Netherlands (d. 1955)
- Jul 11 Herman de Man [Salomon Herman Hamburger], Dutch writer (The Rising Waters), born in Woerden, Netherlands (d. 1946)
- Jul 13 Julius Schreck, German Nazi military man (1st head of the SS), and confidant of Adolf Hitler, born in Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria (d. 1936)
- Jul 13 Martin David, German-Dutch law historian and papyrologist, born in Poznan, German Empire (d. 1986)
- Jul 14 A. B. "Happy" Chandler, American Baseball HOF executive (MLB Commissioner 1945-51) and politician (44th & 49th Governor Kentucky), born in Corydon, Kentucky (d. 1991)
- Jul 14 Ivan Triesault [Johann Constantin Treisalt], Russian actor (Cry of the Werewolf, Black Parachute), born in Reval, Russian Empire (d. 1980)
- Jul 15 Noel Gay [Reginald Moxon Armitage], British composer (Who's Been Polishing The Sun), born in Wakefield, Yorkshire, England (d. 1954)
- Jul 15 Norman Demuth, British composer and musicologist specializing in French works, born in Croyden, Surrey, England (d. 1968)
- Jul 17 Berenice Abbott, American photographer (The World of Atget; Changing New York), born in Springfield, Ohio (d. 1991)
- Jul 17 G. Robert Vincent, American sound recording pioneer (Edison Laboratories; Armed Forces Radio Service; Nuremberg Trials; National Voice Library), born in Boston, Massachusetts (d. 1985)
- Jul 17 Osmond Borradaile, Canadian cinematographer (d. 1999)
Herbert Marcuse (1898-1979)
Jul 18 German-American communist philosopher (One-Dimensional Man, Eros & Civilization), born in Berlin, Germany
- Jul 18 John Stuart, Scottish actor (Kittie, Superman, Number Seventeen), born in Edinburgh, Scotland (d. 1979)
- Jul 19 Juan Bautista Plaza, Venezuelan composer, born in Caracas, Venezuela (d. 1965)
- Jul 21 Ernest Willem Mulder, Dutch composer, born in Amsterdam (d. 1959)
- Jul 21 Sara Carter, American country musician, songwriter and vocalist (Carter Family), born in Cooper Creek, Virginia (d. 1979)
Alexander Calder (1898-1976)
Jul 22 American sculptor (mobiles, stabiles), born in Lawnton, Pennsylvania
- Jul 22 Stephen Vincent Benét, American author (d. 1943)
- Jul 23 Jacob Marschak, Ukrainian-American economist (econometrics), born in Kiev, Russia (d. 1977)
- Jul 23 Red Dutton, Canadian ice hockey player (Calgary Tigers) and coach, born in Russell, Manitoba (d. 1987)
- Jul 24 Caterina Jarboro, African-American opera singer and 1st black female performer to sing on opera stage in US, born in Wilmington, North Carolina (d. 1986)
- Jul 24 Frank Mortelmans, Belgian painter, born in Antwerp, Belgium (d. 1986)
- Jul 27 Lena Amsel, Russian actress (Love Tragedy), born in Lódz, Poland, Russian Empire (d. 1929)
- Jul 27 Queen Mother Moore, African-American civil rights activist and humanitarian, born in New Iberia, Louisiana (d. 1997)
- Jul 28 Charles William Mayo, American surgeon (Mayo Clinic), born in Rochester, Minnesota (d. 1968)
- Jul 28 Lawrence Gray, American actor, born in San Francisco, California (d. 1970)
- Jul 29 Isidor Isaac Rabi, American nuclear physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1944 for his discovery of nuclear magnetic resonance, born in Rymanów, Galicia, Austria-Hungary (d. 1988)
- Jul 30 Henry Moore, English artist and sculptor (known for Three Piece Sculpture: Vertebrae), born in Castleford (d. 1986)
Famous Weddings
Vladimir Lenin
Jul 10 Russian revolutionary Vladimir Ilyich Lenin marries fellow revolutionary Nadezhda "Nadya" Krupskaya in Shushenskoye.
Famous Deaths
- Jul 7 Lucien Petipa, French dancer/choreograph/ballet leader, dies
- Jul 8 Soapy Smith, American con artist (b. 1860)
- Jul 11 Charles Chanoine, French lt/mass murderer in Senegal, dies
- Jul 12 Paul Voulet, French captain/mass murderer in Senegal, dies
- Jul 15 Jean Baptiste Salpointe, French born second Archbishop of Santa Fe, dies at 75
- Jul 17 John Stuart Williams, American Brigadier General (Confederate Army), dies at 80
- Jul 18 Emil Hartmann, Danish organist and composer (Towards The Light), dies at 62
- Jul 20 Yuri Karlovich Arnold, Russian composer, dies at 86
Otto von Bismarck (1815-1898)
Jul 30 German chancellor (1866-90) who helped unify Germany, dies at 83
