What Happened in February 1854

Historical Events

  • Feb 2 Pope Pius IX encyclical "On persecution of Armenians"
  • Feb 4 Alvan Bovay proposes name "Republican Party" in Ripon, Wisconsin
  • Feb 11 For the 1st time coal gas is used to light major streets in San Francisco

Orpheus Premieres

Feb 16 Franz Liszt's symphony "Orpheus" premieres

  • Feb 17 Britain recognises independence of Orange Free State (South Africa)
  • Feb 22 1st meeting of Republican Party (Michigan)
  • Feb 23 Great Britain & Orange Free state sign Convention of Bloemfontein

Music History

Feb 27 German composer Robert Schumann saved from suicide attempt in Rhine River


Famous Birthdays

  • Feb 9 Aletta Jacobs, 1st Dutch female physician and women's suffrage activist, born in Sappemeer, Netherlands (d. 1929)
  • Feb 9 Edward Carson, Irish Unionist politician and lawyer (Irish Unionist Party), born in Dublin, United Kingdom (d. 1935)
  • Feb 16 Oscar Fetrás [Otto Faster], German composer (Mondnacht auf der Alster), born in Hamburg, German Confederation (d. 1931)
  • Feb 17 Friedrich Alfred Krupp, German steel and arms manufacturer (Krupp AG - supplied the German Navy), born in Essen, Province of Westphalia (d. 1902)
  • Feb 20 Louis van Westerhoven, Dutch actor, singer and opera director (Youth), born in Amsterdam, Netherlands (d. 1912)
  • Feb 24 Franz Courtens, Belgian landscape painter (Golden Rain) (d. 1943)
  • Feb 25 Charles Lang Freer, American industrialist and art collector; endowed Smithsonian's Freer Gallery of Art, born in Kingston New York (d. 1919)
  • Feb 28 Juliusz Zarębski, Polish pianist, composer, and pedagogue, born in Zhytomyr, Kingdom of Poland, Russian Empire (now Ukraine) (d. 1885)

Famous Deaths

  • Feb 4 Carl Ludwig Cornelius Westenholz, German composer, dies at 66
  • Feb 17 Hugues Felicité Robert de Lamennais, French Catholic priest and writer (L'avenir), dies at 71
  • Feb 17 John Martin, English painter and engraver, dies at 64